Abstract: Kitchen waste was rich in organic matter and nutrients. Aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion were the principal methods for its resource utilization, which could effectively reduce the environmental pollution and promote the sustainable development. At present, the treatment technologies of aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion still faced many problems, which significantly constrained the widespread adoption and practical application of these two technologies. In this paper, the reaction process of kitchen waste aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion treatment technology was introduced. Then, the research progress of some existing technical difficulties and their solution strategies was reviewed, and the advantages of the combined process of aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion were discussed, in order to provide a reference for the process optimization of aerobic composting and anaerobic digestion, and further improve the efficiency and environmental friendliness of the resource utilization of kitchen waste.