Effects of Partial Replacement of Fertilizer with Organic Fertilizer on Soil Nutrient and Potato Yield

In order to guide the scientific and rational application of commercial organic fertilizer in potato production in Shanghang County, thus to reduce the excessive application of chemical fertilizer, the effects of partial replacement of fertilizer with organic fertilizer on potato yield, agronomic characters and soil nutrients were studied. Through field experiments, 100% chemical fertilizer (1 500kg·hm^-2), reduced 10% of fertilizer+organic fertilizer 4 500 kg·hm^-2, reduced 20% of chemical fertilizer+organic fertilizer 4 500 kg·hm^-2, and reduced 30% of fertilizer + organic fertilizer 4 500 kg·hm^-2 were set to analyze the effects of each treatment on potato yield, agronomic traits and soil nutrient traits. The results showed that the partial replacement of fertilizer with organic fertilizer could improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, increase the soil fertility, and significantly increase the yield of commercial potato. However, the yield and economic benefit of potato treated with reduced 20% fertilizer+organic fertilizer 4 500 kg·hm^-2and reduced 30% of fertilizer+organic fertilizer 4 500 kg·hm^-2 decreased. By comprehensive comparison, the treatment with reducel 10% fertilizer+organic fertilizer 4 500 kg·hm^-2 had the best effect. Compared with the control (100% fertilizer), the soil organic content increased by 2.14 g·kg^-1, the available phosphorus increased by 0.9 mg·kg^-1, the rapidly available potassium increased by 0.6 mg·kg^-1, pH value increased by 0.3, the potato commodity rate increased significantly, the yield increased by 1 666.5 kg·hm^-2, and the economic benefit increased by 1 023 yuan·hm^-2.