Effects of Phosphorus Fertilizer on the Agronomic Traits, Yield and Quality of Potato

In order to determine the appropriate amount of phosphorus fertilizer for spring planting potatoes in Anxi County, Potato Quanyun N0.3 was used as the experimental material. Five levels of phosphorus fertilizer (P₂O₅) were set up:0(CK), 30(B₁), 60(B₂), 90(B₃), and 120 kg·hm^-3 (B₄). Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different phosphorus fertilizer amounts on potato yield, economic benefits, and quality in Gande Town, Anxi County.The results showed that phosphorus application had a significant impact on the agronomic traits,yield and quality of Quanyun N0.3 (P<0.05), with a total yield increase of 3.29% to 12.48%. Among them, the B₃ treatment (90.0 kg·hm^-3 P₂O₅) had significantly higher plant height,stem diameter,total yield,large and medium-sized tuber rat,starch yield,reducing sugar content,crude protein content, and vitamin C content than control treatment (P<0.05), reaching 38.00 cm,14.40 mm,35 371.33 kg·hm^-2,80.58%,11.70%,0.78%,2.26% and 234.47 mg·hg^-1, respectively, compared to the control in terms of yield,crude protein,reducing sugar,starch,the vitamin C content increased by 12.48%, 29.14%,45.33%,18.18% and 12.63%, respectively.In summary, the optimal amount of phosphorus fertilizer application for Quanyun N0.3 potato is 90.0 kg·hm^-3, which has guiding significance for the production and rational fertilization of potatoes in Anxi County.