Research Progress on High-Quality Germplasm and Key Techniques of Efficient Cultivation of Four Characteristic Medicinal Materials in Southern China's Forest Understory

The depletion of wild medicinal materials in China has intensified the conflict with the increasing market demand. Southern China is rich in forest resources. The efficient utilization of understory space to plant Chinese herbal medicines is an important way to solve the contradiction between supply and demand and achieve the forest-medicine symbiosis. At present, the four characteristic medicinal materials industries of Polygonatum cyrtonema, Paris chinensis, Dendrobium officinale and Ganoderma lucidum under the forest in southern China have made some progress in the cultivation of improved varieties and cultivation techniques, but there were still some problems, such as insufficient supply of high-quality seedlings and insufficient popularization and application of high-efficiency cultivation techniques, which restricted the healthy and orderly development of the industrial scale. By focusing on these four characteristic medicinal materials under the forest in southern China, the research progress on the evaluation of high-quality germplasm resources and the key technologies of efficient cultivation was systematically reviewed. The suitable cultivation conditions such as soil, light, water and fertilizer under the forest of each medicinal material were further clarified, and the compound planting modes such as Castanea henryi-Polygonatum cyrtonema, Cunninghamia lanceolata-Paris chinensis, Longan-Dendrobium officinale, Grape-Ganoderma lucidum were formed. On this basis, it was proposed that the innovation of high-quality germplasm and the standard of integrated cultivation techniques should be strengthened in the future, so as to provide theoretical support for the high-quality development of understory medicinal materials industry in southern China.